UTas ePrintsObservations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea LevelNLBindoffauthorJWillebrandauthorVArtaleauthorACazenaveauthorJMGregoryauthorSGulevauthorKHanawaauthorCLe QuéréauthorSLevitusauthorYNojiriauthorCKShumauthorLDTalleyauthorASUnnikrishnanauthorThe oceans are warming. Over the period 1961 to 2003, global ocean temperature has risen by 0.10°C from the surface to a depth of 700 m. Consistent with the Third Assessment Report (TAR), global ocean heat content (0– 3,000 m) has increased during the same period, equivalent to absorbing energy at a rate of 0.21 ± 0.04 W m–2 globally averaged over the Earth’s surface. Two-thirds of this energy is absorbed between the surface and a depth of 700 m. Global ocean heat content observations show considerable interannual and inter-decadal variability superimposed on the longer-term trend. Relative to 1961 to 2003, the period 1993 to 2003 has high rates of warming but since 2003 there has been some cooling.260403 Physical Oceanography260602 Climatology (incl. Palaeoclimatology)2007Cambridge University PressBook Section

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