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Abstract

A beach umbrella intercepts all direct UV irradiance, but only
part of the diffuse component. Using a simple sky view factor
model, we have determined the fraction of the hemispheric
diffuse irradiance that is not intercepted by the umbrella.
Assuming a sensor at the surface and close to the center of the
umbrella, isotropic diffuse irradiance and for an umbrella of
80 cm radius and 100 cm high, our results show that approximately
34% of the incident horizontal irradiance is not
intercepted by the umbrella. These results agree with irradiance
measurements conducted with and without the umbrella. The
model is next extended to examine receipt of UV radiation by a
human figure in a vertical position, either standing or sitting.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Utrillas, MP and Martinez-Lozano, JA and Nunez, M
Journal or Publication Title:	Photochemistry and Photobiology
ISSN:	1751-1097
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00677.x
Additional Information:	The original publication is available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/
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