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Abstract

Two Salmonella bacteriophages (SSP5 and SSP6) were isolated and characterized based on their morphology
and host range, and evaluated for their potential to control Salmonella Oranienburg in vitro and on
experimentally contaminated alfalfa seeds. Phages SSP5 and SSP6 were classified as members of the Myoviridae
and Siphoviridae families, respectively. Both phages had a broad host range of over 65% of the 41
Salmonella strains tested. During in vitro trials, the phages resulted in incomplete lysis of Salmonella
cultures, in spite of high levels of phage remaining in the system. Phage SSP5 was more effective in reducing
Salmonella populations. Addition of phage SSP6 to alfalfa seeds previously contaminated with S. Oranienburg
caused an approximately 1 log10 CFU g−1 reduction of viable Salmonella, which was achieved 3 h after phage
application. Thereafter the phage had no inhibitory effect on Salmonella population growth. A second
addition of the same (SSP6) or different (SSP5) phage to a Salmonella culture treated with phage SSP6, did not
affect Salmonella populations. It was further shown that development of Salmonella permanently resistant to
phage was not evident in either seed or in vitro challenge trials, suggesting the existence of a temporary,
acquired, non-specific phage resistance phenomenon. These factors may complicate the use of phages for
biocontrol.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Kocharunchitt, C and Ross, T and McNeil, DL
Journal or Publication Title:	International Journal of Food Microbiology
Additional Information:	The definitive version is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com
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