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Abstract

Background: Whether not meeting common guidelines for lifestyle behaviours is associated with weight gain is uncertain. This study examined whether 5-year weight gain was predicted by not meeting guidelines for: breakfast consumption (eating between 6 and 9 am), takeaway food consumption (Methods: One thousand one hundred and fifty-five Australian participants (43% men, 26-36 years) completed questionnaires and wore a pedometer at baseline (2004-06) and follow-up (2009-11). Weight was measured or self-reported, with a correction factor applied. For each behaviour, participants were classified according to whether they met the guideline: consistently met at baseline and follow-up (reference group); not met at baseline but met at follow-up; met at baseline but not met at follow-up; consistently not met at baseline and follow-up. For each behaviour, weight gain was calculated using linear regression. Weight gain by number of guidelines met was also examined.Results: Mean 5-year weight gain was 2.0 kg (SD:6.3). Compared to the reference group, additional weight (mean, 95% CI) was gained among those who did not meet the guideline at follow-up, or consistently did not meet the guideline, for breakfast (1.8 kg, 0.7-2.9; 1.5 kg, 0.1-2.8); takeaway food (2.2 kg, 0.7-3.6; 1.9 kg, 0.7-3.1); watching television (1.9 kg, 0.9-2.9; 1.4 kg, 0.4-2.3); and daily steps (2.6 kg, 1.1-4.04; 1.6 kg, 0.5-2.7). Those who met ≤1 guideline at follow-up gained 3.8 kg (95% CI 2.3-5.3) more than those meeting all guidelines.Conclusion: Individuals who adopted healthier behaviours between baseline and follow-up had similar weight gain to those who met the guidelines at both time points. Encouraging young adults to meet these simple guidelines may reduce weight gain.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Smith, KJ and Gall, SL and McNaughton, SA and Cleland, VJ and Otahal, P and Dwyer, T and Venn, AJ
Keywords:	Skipping breakfast, takeaway food, fast food, television, steps, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, guidelines, weight gain, young adults
Journal or Publication Title:	BMC Public Health
Publisher:	Biomed Central Ltd
ISSN:	1471-2458
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3931-y
Copyright Information:	© The Author(s) 2017. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Smith, KJ UTAS Profile: Smith, KJ Google Scholar: Gall, SL UTAS Profile: Gall, SL Google Scholar: Cleland, VJ Google Scholar: Otahal, P UTAS Profile: Otahal, P Google Scholar: Venn, AJ UTAS Profile: Venn, AJ
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