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Abstract

There is a large burden on researchers and participants whenattempting to accurately measure dietary flavonoid intakeusing dietary assessment. Minimizing participant and researcherburden when collecting dietary data may improvethe validity of the results, especially in older adults withcognitive impairment. A short 14-item food frequencyquestionnaire (FFQ) to measure flavonoid intake, andflavonoid subclasses (anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavones,flavonols, and flavanones) was developed and assessed forvalidity and reproducibility against a 24-hour recall. Olderadults with mild-moderate dementia (n = 49) attended twointerviews 12 weeks apart. With the assistance of a familycarer, a 24-h recall was collected at the first interview, and theflavonoid FFQ was interviewer-administered at both timepoints.Validity and reproducibility was assessed using theWilcoxon signed-rank sum test, Spearman’s correlationcoefficient, Bland-Altman Plots, and Cohen’s kappa. Meanflavonoid intake was determined (FFQ1 = 795 ± 492.7 mg/day,24-h recall = 515.6 ± 384.3 mg/day). Tests of validity indicatedthe FFQ was better at estimating total flavonoid intake thanindividual flavonoid subclasses compared with the 24-hrecall. There was a significant difference in total flavonoidintake estimates between the FFQ and the 24-h recall(Wilcoxon signed-rank sum p < 0.001; Bland-Altman plotsindicated large bias and wide limits of agreement), but theywere well correlated (Spearman’s correlation coefficientr = 0.74, p < 0.001; Cohen’s kappa κ = 0.292, p < 0.001). TheFFQ showed good reproducibility, with a small meanpercentage difference (12.6%). The Wilcoxon signed-ranksum test showed no significant difference, Spearman’scorrelation coefficient indicated excellent reliability (r = 0.75,p < 0.001), Bland-Altman plots visually showed small, nonsignificantbias and wide limits of agreement, and Cohen’skappa indicated fair agreement (κ = 0.429, p < 0.001). A14-item FFQ developed to easily measure flavonoid intakein older adults with dementia demonstrates fair validityagainst a 24-h recall and good reproducibility.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Kent, K and Charlton, K
Keywords:	flavonoid, dementia, food frequency questionnaire, dietary assessment
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics
Publisher:	Routledge
ISSN:	2155-1197
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1080/21551197.2017.1321080
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2017 Taylor & Francis
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Kent, K UTAS Profile: Kent, K
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