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Abstract

The threat posed by ocean acidification (OA) to the diversity and productivity of New Zealand marine ecosystems is assessed in a synthesis of published trends and impacts. A 20-year time series in Subantarctic water, and a national coastal monitoring programme, provide insight into pH variability, and context for experimental design, modelling and projections. A review of the potential impact of changes in the carbonate system on the major phyla in New Zealand waters confirms international observations that calcifying organisms, and particularly their early life-history stages, are vulnerable. The synthesis considers ecosystem and socio-economic impacts, and identifies current knowledge gaps and future research directions, including mechanistic studies of OA sensitivity. Advanced ecosystem models of OA, that incorporate the indirect effects of OA and interactions with other climate stressors, are required for robust projection of the future status of New Zealand marine ecosystems.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Law, CS and Bell, JJ and Bostock, HC and Cornwall, CE and Cummings, VJ and Currie, K and Davy, SK and Gammon, M and Hepburn, CD and Hurd, CL and Lamare, M and Mikaloff-Fletcher, SE and Nelson, WA and Parsons, DM and Ragg, NLC and Sewell, MA and Smith, AM and Tracey, DM
Keywords:	ocean acidification, New Zealand, climate change, marine ecosystems, monitoring, carbonate, pH
Journal or Publication Title:	New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
ISSN:	0028-8330
DOI / ID Number:	10.1080/00288330.2017.1374983
Copyright Information:	© 2017 NIWA
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Hurd, CL UTAS Profile: Hurd, CL
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