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Abstract

The current study sought to explore sex differences in the presentation of probable fullsyndromeand subthreshold body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in adolescents from anAustralian community sample. Specifically, it examined sex differences in the types of BDDsymptoms endorsed, body areas of concern, and the association with elevated symptoms ofcomorbid disorders. In male participants, it also compared the presenting features of those withand without muscle dysmorphia. Of 3,149 adolescents assessed using self-report questionnaires,162 (5.1%) reported probable BDD (57.4% male, Mage = 14.89 years, SD = 1.33, primarily fromOceanian or European cultural backgrounds). All participants completed measures of BDDsymptoms; past mental health service use; and symptoms of anxiety, depression, obsessivecompulsivedisorder, and eating disorders. Male participants completed additional measures ofquality of life, drive for muscularity, hyperactivity, conduct disorder, peer problems, andemotional symptoms. Controlling for demographic variables that varied by sex, male andfemale participants reported similar BDD symptom severity, rates of most elevated comorbidsymptoms, and mental health service use. Concerns regarding muscularity, breasts/nipples, andthighs differed by sex. Female participants were more likely than male participants to reportelevated generalized anxiety symptoms. In male participants, muscle dysmorphia was notassociated with greater severity across most measures. The presenting features of BDD werebroadly similar in male and female participants, and in male participants with and withoutmuscle dysmorphia. Future research should seek to increase mental health service use inadolescents with BDD and to improve rates of disorder detection in clinical settings.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Schneider, SC and Mond, JM and Turner, CM and Hudson, JL
Keywords:	Sex differences, Body dysmorphic disorder, Adolescents
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
Publisher:	Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Inc
ISSN:	1537-4416
DOI / ID Number:	10.1080/15374416.2017.1321001
Copyright Information:	Copyright © Society of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 2017
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Mond, JM
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