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Abstract

An increasing public and empirical focus on male body image indicates that muscularity is apreeminent concern among boys and men. For some, these concerns develop into a complexand disabling psychiatric disorder termed muscle dysmorphia (MD), the hallmark of whichis an intense preoccupation regarding one’s (subjectively) insufficient muscularity. Treatmentof MD is critical; however, evidence to inform treatment approaches is sorely lacking. Thepurpose of this article is twofold. First, we provide an overview of the clinical features of MD,drawing particular attention to the preoccupation, functional impairment and psychiatriccomorbidity associated with the disorder. Second, we discuss and recommend potential treatmentdirections for MD, including techniques that have demonstrated efficacy in the treatmentof related disorders, namely, body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders (and anorexianervosa in particular). Psychotherapeutic techniques, including cognitive restructuring of deleteriousperfectionistic and egosyntonic beliefs, and dialectical behavioral techniques to improvethe repertoire of emotion regulation skills available to afflicted individuals, are discussed,in addition to psychopharmacological approaches.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Cunningham, ML and Griffiths, S and Mitchison, D and Mond, JM and Castle, D and Murray, SB
Keywords:	muscle dysmorphia; muscle dysmorphic disorder; body dysmorphic disorder; male body image; treatment
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly
Publisher:	United States
ISSN:	0889-8391
DOI / ID Number:	10.1891/0889-8391.31.4.255
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2017 Springer Publishing Company
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Mond, JM
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