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Abstract

The relative amount of variability in memory strength for targets vs. lures in recognitionmemory is commonly measured using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)procedure, in which participants are given either a bias manipulation or are instructed togive confidence ratings to probe items. A near universal finding is that targets have highervariability than lures. Ratcliff and Starns (2009) questioned the conclusions of the ROCprocedure by demonstrating that accounting for decision noise within a response timemodel yields different conclusions about relative memory evidence than the ROC procedureyields. In an attempt to better understand the source of the discrepancy, we appliedmodels that include different sources of decision noise, including both the diffusion decisionmodel (DDM) and the linear ballistic accumulator (LBA) model, which both include andlack within-trial noise in evidence accumulation, and compared their estimates of the ratioof standard deviations to those from ROC analysis. Each method produced dramaticallydifferent estimates of the relative variability of target items, with the LBA even indicatingequal variance in some cases. This stands in contrast to prior work suggesting that the DDM and LBA produce largely similar estimates of relevant model parameters, such asdrift rate, boundary separation, and nondecision time. Parameter validation using datafrom Starns’s (2014) numerosity discrimination data demonstrated that only the DDM wasable to correctly reproduce the evidence ratios in the data. These results suggest that theDDM may be providing a more accurate account of lure-to-target variability evidenceratios in recognition memory.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Osth, AF and Bora, B and Dennis, S and Heathcote, A
Keywords:	diffusion decision model; linear ballistic accumulator; receiver operating characteristics; signal detection theory; recognition memory
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Memory and Language
Publisher:	Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science
ISSN:	0749-596X
DOI / ID Number:	10.1016/j.jml.2017.04.003
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2017 Elsevier
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Heathcote, A UTAS Profile: Heathcote, A
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