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Abstract

Background: Within- and between-person variation in nutrient intake is well established, but little is known aboutvariability in dietary flavonoid intake, including the effect of seasonality.Methods: Within- and between-individual variability of flavonoid intake, and intake of flavonoid subclasses wasexamined in older adults (n = 79; mean age 70.1 y (range: 60y-80y)), using three separate 4-day weighed foodrecords (WFR) collected approximately 4 months apart. The effects of seasonality were also examined. Mixed-effectslinear regression models were used to estimate within- and between-individual variance components for flavonoidsand subclasses. The number of days of dietary assessment required for a high level of hypothetical accuracy wascalculated from variance ratios.Results: Within- and between-individual variability was high for flavonoid intake, and intake of flavonoid subclasses,with variance ratios > 1. It was calculated that six days of WFR data are required for total flavonoid intake, andbetween 6 and 10 days was required for flavonoid subclasses. There was no effect of seasonality for total flavonoidintake or intake of flavonoid subclasses, with the exception that flavan-3-ol and flavanone intakes which wererelatively low in summer, and in summer and winter, respectively.Conclusion: While the effects of seasonality on total flavonoid intake may be small, within- and between-individualvariation associated with flavonoid intake assessment appears to be substantial across 12 days of WFR data in olderadults. It is recommended that a minimum of 6 days of weighed food records are collected to minimise the impactof within- and between-individual variability on total flavonoid intake assessments in this population.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Kent, K and Charlton, KE and Lee, S and Mond, J and Russell, J and Mitchell, P and Flood, VM
Keywords:	flavonoid, dietary assessment, nutrition assessment, weighed food records, intraindividual variation, interindividual variation
Journal or Publication Title:	Nutrition Journal
Publisher:	BioMed Central Ltd.
ISSN:	1475-2891
DOI / ID Number:	10.1186/s12937-017-0309-7
Copyright Information:	© 2018 The Authors. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Kent, K UTAS Profile: Kent, K UTAS Profile: Lee, S Google Scholar: Mond, J
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