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Abstract

Historical sea ice core chlorophyll‐a (Chla) data are used to describe the seasonal, regional, and vertical distribution of ice algal biomass in Antarctic landfast sea ice. The analyses are based on the Antarctic Fast Ice Algae Chlorophyll‐a data set, a compilation of currently available sea ice Chla data from landfast sea ice cores collected at circum‐Antarctic nearshore locations between 1970 and 2015. Ice cores were typically sampled from thermodynamically grown first‐year ice and have thin snow depths (mean = 0.052 ± 0.097 m). The data set comprises 888 ice cores, including 404 full vertical profile cores. Integrated ice algal Chla biomass (range: 2, median = 4.4 mg/m2, interquartile range = 9.9 mg/m2) peaks in late spring and shows elevated levels in autumn. The seasonal Chla development is consistent with the current understanding of physical drivers of ice algal biomass, including the seasonal cycle of irradiance and surface temperatures driving landfast sea ice growth and melt. Landfast ice regions with reported platelet ice formation show maximum ice algal biomass. Ice algal communities in the lowermost third of the ice cores dominate integrated Chla concentrations during most of the year, but internal and surface communities are important, particularly in winter. Through comparison of biomass estimates based on different sea ice sampling strategies, that is, analysis of full cores versus bottom‐ice section sampling, we identify biases in common sampling approaches and provide recommendations for future survey programs: for example, the need to sample fast ice over its entire thickness and to measure auxiliary physicochemical parameters.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Meiners, KM and Vancoppenolle, M and Carnat, G and Castellani, G and Delille, B and Dieckmann, GS and Flores, H and Fripiat, F and Grotti, M and Lange, BA and Lannuzel, D and Martin, A and McMinn, A and Nomura, D and Peeken, I and Rivaro, P and Ryan, KG and Stefels, J and Swadling, KM and Thomas, DN and Tison, J-L and van der Merwe, P and van Leeuwe, MA and Weldrick, CK and Yang, EJ
Keywords:	chlorophyll-a, Antarctica, landfast sea ice, synthesis
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN:	2169-9275
DOI / ID Number:	10.1029/2018JC014245
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2018 American Geophysical Union
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Lannuzel, D UTAS Profile: Lannuzel, D Google Scholar: Martin, A UTAS Profile: Martin, A Google Scholar: McMinn, A UTAS Profile: McMinn, A UTAS Profile: Swadling, KM Google Scholar: van der Merwe, P UTAS Profile: van der Merwe, P
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