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Abstract

Health is perceived as the body’s ability to function and the state of being free fromillness or injury whereas wellbeing is the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.Huber et al. (2011) define health as a level of functional or metabolic efficiency for aliving organism. For humans, it is the ability of individuals or communities to adaptand self-manage when facing physical, mental or social challenges. A similar definitionis provided in its broader sense that “a state of complete physical, mental,and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” by theWorld Health Organization (WHO) in 1948 (World Health Organization, 2006).This statement has been criticised for decades as being vague and not measurable.Therefore, the definition was revised to the extent to which an individual or groupis able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with theenvironment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. “Itis a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physicalcapacities” (World Health Organization, 1984). Mental, intellectual, emotional,and social health referred to a person’s ability to handle stress, to acquire skills, tomaintain relationships, all of which form resources for resiliency and independentliving (AFMC, 2016) as shown in Figure 6.1. However, more recent definitionscorrelate health and personal satisfaction to address the different way people copewith disabilities and with the limits of their condition (Bellieni & Buonocore,2009; Zenit, 2013).

Item Type:	Book Section
Authors/Creators:	Enshaei, H
Keywords:	seafarer, health and wellbeing, shipping
Publisher:	Routledge
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2018 The Author
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Enshaei, H UTAS Profile: Enshaei, H
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