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Abstract

Objective: Clinical diagnosis of ana-phylaxis is principally based onsymptoms and signs. However, par-ticularly for patients with atypicalsymptoms, laboratory confirmationof anaphylaxis would be useful. Thisstudy investigated the utility of mastcell tryptase, an available clinicalbiomarker, for differentiating ana-phylaxis from other causes of criticalillness, which can also involve mastcell activation.Methods: Tryptase was measured(ImmunoCAP) in serum frompatients with anaphylaxis and non-anaphylactic critical illness (controls)at ED arrival, and after 1–2, 3–4and 12–24 h. Differences in bothpeak and delta (difference betweenhighest and lowest) tryptase concen-trations between groups were investi-gated using linear regression models,and diagnostic ability was analysedusing Receiver Operating Character-istic curve analysis.Results: Peak tryptase was fourfold(95% CI: 2.9, 5.5) higher in anaphy-laxis patients (n= 67) than controls(n= 120) (P11.4 ng/mL and/or delta-tryptase≥2.0 ng/mL. For hypotensive patients,peak tryptase >11.4 ng/mL hadimproved test characteristics (sensi-tivity: 85% [95% CI: 65, 96] andspecificity: 92% [95% CI: 85, 97]);the use of delta-tryptase reduced testspecificity.Conclusion: While peak and deltatryptase concentrations were higherin anaphylaxis than other forms ofcritical illness, the test lacks sufficientsensitivity and specificity. Therefore,mast cell tryptase values alone can-not be used to establish the diagnosisof anaphylaxis in the ED. In particu-lar, tryptase has limited utility fordifferentiating anaphylactic fromnon-anaphylactic shock

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Francis, A and Fatovich, DM and Arendts, G and Macdonald, SPJ and Bosio, E and Nagree, Y and Mitenko, HMA and Brown, SGA
Journal or Publication Title:	EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia
Publisher:	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ISSN:	1742-6731
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.12875
Copyright Information:	© 2017 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine and Australasian Society for Emergency Medicine.
Related URLs:	UTAS Profile: Brown, SGA
Item Statistics:	View statistics for this item

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