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Abstract

This study explores the responses to ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) using a wearable forehead electroencephalography (EEG) device. We recruited 55 outpatients with TRD who were randomized into three approximately equal- sized groups (A: 0.5 mg/kg ketamine; B: 0.2 mg/kg ketamine; and C: normal saline) under double-blind conditions. The ketamine responses were measured by EEG signals and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores. At baseline, responders showed a significantly weaker EEG theta power than did non- responders (p p < 0.05). Furthermore, our baseline EEG predictor classified responders and non-responders with 81.3 ± 9.5% accuracy, 82.1 ± 8.6% sensitivity and 91.9 ± 7.4% specificity. In conclusion, the rapid antidepressant effects of mixed doses of ketamine are associated with prefrontal EEG power, asymmetry and cordance at baseline and early post-treatment changes. The prefrontal EEG patterns at baseline may account for recognizing ketamine effects in advance. Our randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled study provides information regarding clinical impacts on the potential targets underlying baseline identification and early changes from the effects of ketamine in patients with TRD.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Cao, Z and Lin, C-T and Ding, W and Chen, M-H and Li, C-T and Su, T-P
Keywords:	EEG, depression, forehead, ketamine, predictor
Journal or Publication Title:	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Publisher:	Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc
ISSN:	0018-9294
DOI / ID Number:	10.1109/TBME.2018.2877651
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2018 IEEE.
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