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Abstract

Background: Methamphetamine intoxication presentations to emergency departments (EDs) including trauma centres, general EDs and psychiatric emergency services have risen world-wide.Objectives: A review of the clinical characteristics of patients presenting to a trauma centre or EDwith methamphetamine intoxication or dependence to aid development of health service policyand training for health personnel. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Scopus (1990–2017)were searched. A systematic review of all clinical characteristics was conducted, and a meta-analysis undertaken for variables with standard measures (prevalence, age, gender); 23 studies metthe inclusion criteria of which 17 could be used in the meta-analysis. Results: presentations were characterised by cardiac complications, psychiatric symptoms andaggression with safety risk to health personnel. The pooled prevalence of methamphetamine positive cases in emergency settings was higher in studies using toxicology analysis to determinemethamphetamine use (8 studies, 22.8% 95% CI 15.4–32.5) compared to self-reporting (9 studies5.7%, 95% CI 2.8–11.2, Q ¼ 12.42, p Conclusions: In this review, we found a higher prevalence of methamphetamine use amongstmales and in the younger demographic. Targeted training programmes for frontline staff andmanagement approaches for prompt multi-disciplinary service engagement are recommended aswell as appropriate resourcing, such as mental health staff in EDs or mental health beds to accommodate this subgroup of the patient cohort.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Sibanda, NC and Kornhaber, R and Hunt, GE and Morley, K and Cleary, M
Keywords:	Prevalence and Risk Factors, Emergency Department, Methamphetamine Intoxication or Dependence, Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Journal or Publication Title:	Issues in Mental Health Nursing
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis Inc.
ISSN:	0161-2840
DOI / ID Number:	10.1080/01612840.2018.1553003
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Kornhaber, R UTAS Profile: Kornhaber, R Google Scholar: Cleary, M UTAS Profile: Cleary, M
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