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Extreme Competence: Keystone Hosts of Infections



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Abstract
Individual hosts differ extensively in their competence for parasites, but traditional research has discounted this variation, partly because modeling such heterogeneity is difficult. This discounting has diminished as tools have improved and recognition has grown that some hosts, the extremely competent, can have exceptional impacts on disease dynamics. Most prominent among these hosts are the superspreaders, but other forms of extreme competence (EC) exist and others await discovery; each with potentially strong but distinct implications for disease emergence and spread. Here, we propose a framework for the study and discovery of EC, suitable for different host-parasite systems, which we hope enhances our understanding of how parasites circulate and evolve in host communities.
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: | Martin, LB and Addison, B and Bean, AGD and Buchanan, KL and Crino, OL and Eastwood, JR and Flies, AS and Hamede, R and Hill, GE and Klaassen, M and Koch, RE and Martens, JM and Napolitano, C and Narayan, EJ and Peacock, L and Peel, AJ and Peters, A and Raven, N and Risely, A and Roast, MJ and Rollins, LA and Ruiz-Aravena, MI and Selechnik, D and Stokes, HS and Ujvari, B and Grogan, LF |
Keywords: | disease ecology, super spreader, infectious disease, malaria, disease, epidemic, infection, zoonosis |
Journal or Publication Title: | Trends in Ecology and Evolution |
Publisher: | Elsevier Science London |
ISSN: | 0169-5347 |
DOI / ID Number: | 10.1016/j.tree.2018.12.009 |
Copyright Information: | Copyright 2018 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Item Statistics: | View statistics for this item |
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