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Abstract

Using data from the WHO’s Situation Report on the COVID-19 pandemic from21 January 2020 to 30 March 2020 along with other health, demographic, and macroeconomicindicators from the WHO’s Application Programming Interface and the World Bank’s DevelopmentIndicators, this paper explores the death rates of infected persons and their possible associatedfactors. Through the panel analysis, we found consistent results that healthcare system conditions,particularly the number of hospital beds and medical staff, have played extremely important rolesin reducing death rates of COVID-19 infected persons. In addition, both the mortality rates due todierent non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and rate of people aged 65 and over were significantlyrelated to the death rates. We also found that controlling international and domestic travelling by airalong with increasingly popular anti-COVID-19 actions (i.e., quarantine and social distancing) wouldhelp reduce the death rates in all countries. We conducted tests for robustness and found that theDriscoll and Kraay (1998) method was the most suitable estimator with a finite sample, which helpedconfirm the robustness of our estimations. Based on the findings, we suggest that preparednessof healthcare systems for aged populations need more attentions from the public and politicians,regardless of income level, when facing COVID-19-like pandemics.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Giang, L-T and Vo, D-T and Vuong, Q-H
Keywords:	COVID-19, healthcare systems, aged populations
Journal or Publication Title:	Sustainability
Publisher:	M D P I AG
ISSN:	2071-1050
DOI / ID Number:	10.3390/su12104200
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2020 The Authors. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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