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Abstract

Background: In the literature, there are still controversies regarding the effect of phytosterol(PS) supplementation on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in humans. We aimed to assess the impact of PS supplementation on FBS, HbA1c and insulin levels by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all RCTs published up to May 2019 in the following databases: PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus. The mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was pooled using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method). Results: Twenty-six arms from 20 RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. Our findings show that PS supplementation decreases insulin levels (mean difference [MD]: -6.426 μU/ml, 95% CI: -7.187, -5.665, P- value = 0.000). However, PS supplementation did not have significant effects on FBS and HbA1c levels. Following PS supplementation, significant changes in FBS (mean difference [MD]: -1.942 mg/dl, 95% CI: -3.637, -0.246, P- value = 0.025) and HbA1c (mean difference [MD]: -0.059%, 95% CI: -0.114, -0.004, P- value = 0.035) based on PS dosage (mg/d) were recorded. Conclusions: In patients with a baseline BMI 2, PS consumption significantly increased FBS levels. Patients who consumed 1-2 g/day of PS had a lower FBS and lower HbA1c levels.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Salehi-Sahlabadi, A and Varkaneh, HK and Shahdadian, F and Ghaedi, E and Nouri, M and Singh, A and Farhadnejad, H and Gaman, MA and Hekmatdoost, A and Mirmiran, P
Keywords:	fasting blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, Phytosterol
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
Publisher:	Springer Netherlands
ISSN:	2251-6581
DOI / ID Number:	10.1007/s40200-020-00526-z
Copyright Information:	Copyright Springer Nature Switzerland AG 202
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