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Abstract

Physical inactivity is one of the major contributing factors to the global pandemic of non-communicable diseases. Unfortunately, low levels of habitual movement and physical activity (PA) are seen in an increasing proportion of populations across low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries alike. This new normal - the inactive phenotype - is a significant contributor to multiple health and economic costs. Here we provide a brief historical overview of societal declines in PA, roughly consistent with major transitions in PA and nutrition in recent decades. This is followed by a synthesis of research evidence linking inactivity with poor health outcomes and prevention approaches needed to impact a perpetuation of poor lifestyle behaviors. A major focus of the paper is on the economic/health costs and the reduction of the inactive phenotype. In summary, we demonstrate that the consequences of insufficient PA are manifold, and if sustained, impact short and long-term health and quality of life, along with substantial economic costs.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Jayasinghe, S and Byrne, NM and Patterson, KAE and Ahuja, KDK and Hills, AP
Keywords:	Sedentarism, chronic disease, health cost, economic cost, prevention, inactivity
Journal or Publication Title:	Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
Publisher:	W B Saunders Co
ISSN:	0033-0620
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.006
Copyright Information:	Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Related URLs:	Google Scholar: Byrne, NM UTAS Profile: Byrne, NM UTAS Profile: Patterson, KAE Google Scholar: Ahuja, KDK UTAS Profile: Ahuja, KDK Google Scholar: Hills, AP UTAS Profile: Hills, AP
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