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Oligodendrogenesis and myelination regulate cortical development, plasticity and circuit function




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Abstract
During cortical development and throughout adulthood, oligodendrocytes add myelin internodes to glutamatergic projection neurons and GABAergic inhibitory neurons. In addition to directing node of Ranvier formation, to enable saltatory conduction and influence action potential transit time, oligodendrocytes support axon health by communicating with axons via the periaxonal space and providing metabolic support that is particularly critical for healthy ageing. In this review we outline the timing of oligodendrogenesis in the developing mouse and human cortex and describe the important role that oligodendrocytes play in sustaining and modulating neuronal function. We also provide insight into the known and speculative impact that myelination has on cortical axons and their associated circuits during the developmental critical periods and throughout life, particularly highlighting their life-long role in learning and remembering.
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: | Fletcher, JL and Makowiecki, K and Cullen, CL and Young, KM |
Keywords: | cortex, development, myelin, oligodendrocyte, cognition |
Journal or Publication Title: | Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology |
Publisher: | Academic Press Ltd Elsevier Science Ltd |
ISSN: | 1084-9521 |
DOI / ID Number: | 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.017 |
Copyright Information: | Copyright 2021 the authors |
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Item Statistics: | View statistics for this item |
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