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Abstract

Tree-ring chronologies underpin the majority of annually-resolved reconstructions of Common Era climate. However, they are derived using different datasets and techniques, the ramifications of which have hitherto been little explored. Here, we report the results of a double-blind experiment that yielded 15 Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions from a common network of regional tree-ring width datasets. Taken together as an ensemble, the Common Era reconstruction mean correlates with instrumental temperatures from 1794–2016 CE at 0.79 (p < 0.001), reveals summer cooling in the years following large volcanic eruptions, and exhibits strong warming since the 1980s. Differing in their mean, variance, amplitude, sensitivity, and persistence, the ensemble members demonstrate the influence of subjectivity in the reconstruction process. We therefore recommend the routine use of ensemble reconstruction approaches to provide a more consensual picture of past climate variability.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Buntgen, Ulf and Allen, K and Anchukaitis, KJ and Arseneault, D and Boucher, A and Brauning, A and Chatterjee, S and Cherubini, P and Churakova, OV and Corona, C and Gennaretti, F and Griessinger, J and Guillet, S and Guiot, J and Gunnarson, B and Helama, S and Hochreuther, P and Hughes, MK and Huybers, P and Kirdyanov, AV and Krusic, PJ and Ludescher, J and Meier, WJ-H and Myglan, VS and Nicolussi, K and Oppenheimer, C and Reinig, F and Salzer, MW and Seftigen, K and Stine, AR and Stoffel, M and St George, S and Tejedor, E and Trevino, A and Trouet, V and Wang, J and Wilson, R and Yang, B and Xu, G and Esper, J
Journal or Publication Title:	Nature Communications
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:	2041-1723
DOI / ID Number:	10.1038/s41467-021-23627-6
Copyright Information:	© 2021. The Authors. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Related URLs:	UTAS Profile: Allen, K
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