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Virioplankton assemblages from challenger deep, the deepest place in the oceans

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Gao, C, Liang, Y, Jiang, Y, Paez-Espino, D, Han, M, Gu, C, Wang, M, Yang, Y, Liu, F, Yang, Q, Gong, Z, Zhang, X, Luo, Z, He, H, Guo, C, Shao, H, Zhou, C, Shi, Y, Xin, Y, Xing, J, Tang, X, Qin, Q, Zhang, Y-Z, He, J, Jiao, N, McMinn, A ORCID: 0000-0002-2133-3854, Tian, J, Suttle, CA and Wang, M 2022 , 'Virioplankton assemblages from challenger deep, the deepest place in the oceans' , iScience, vol. 25, no. 8 , pp. 1-24 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.isci.2022.104680.

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Abstract

Hadal ocean biosphere, that is, the deepest part of the worlds oceans, harbors a unique microbial community, suggesting a potential uncovered co-occurring virioplankton assemblage. Herein, we reveal the unique virioplankton assemblages of the Challenger Deep, comprising 95,813 non-redundant viral contigs from the surface to the hadal zone. Almost all of the dominant viral contigs in the hadal zone were unclassified, potentially related to Alteromonadales and Oceanospirillales. 2,586 viral auxiliary metabolic genes from 132 different KEGG orthologous groups were mainly related to the carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and arsenic metabolism. Lysogenic viral production and integrase genes were augmented in the hadal zone, suggesting the prevalence of viral lysogenic life strategy. Abundant rve genes in the hadal zone, which function as transposase in the caudoviruses, further suggest the prevalence of viral-mediated horizontal gene transfer. This study provides fundamental insights into the virioplankton assemblages of the hadal zone, reinforcing the necessity of incorporating virioplankton into the hadal biogeochemical cycles.

Item Type: Article
Authors/Creators:Gao, C and Liang, Y and Jiang, Y and Paez-Espino, D and Han, M and Gu, C and Wang, M and Yang, Y and Liu, F and Yang, Q and Gong, Z and Zhang, X and Luo, Z and He, H and Guo, C and Shao, H and Zhou, C and Shi, Y and Xin, Y and Xing, J and Tang, X and Qin, Q and Zhang, Y-Z and He, J and Jiao, N and McMinn, A and Tian, J and Suttle, CA and Wang, M
Keywords: virus, Challenger Deep
Journal or Publication Title: iScience
Publisher: Cell Press
ISSN: 2589-0042
DOI / ID Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.isci.2022.104680
Copyright Information:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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