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Abstract

Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality inWestern countries and
is associated with a range of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, renal disease,
diabetes, and various autoimmune conditions. Improved health care and approaches to the
treatment of disease are leading to aging populations that will probably result in an increase
in the incidence of thrombosis and associated manifestations over the next few decades.
Adopting a physically active lifestyle through regular exercise has been proposed to lower
the risk of developing thrombosis. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that exercise is
beneficial for health, although there is inconsistent data from studies investigating the
effect of exercise on the risk of thrombosis, with reports of both increased and decreased
risk across a variety of cohorts. Studies in this area are difficult to critique due to the variety
of confounders such as age, body composition, fitness level, underlying disease and
treatment, as well as exercise intensity, frequency, duration, and energy expenditure. In
younger individuals and those with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular and kidney
disease, there is evidence that physical activity is beneficial for the lowering of thrombotic
risk, whereas in older individuals the risk is more likely to be unchanged or increased. This
review will explore whether exercise is a ‘‘friend’’ or ‘‘foe’’ in lowering the risk of thrombosis.
It will also discuss whether elite athletes have a lower risk of thrombosis and whether
exercise may help to reduce thrombotic risk in individuals with chronic disease.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Adams, MJ and Williams, AD and Fell, JW
Keywords:	Exercise, hemostasis, thrombosis, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease
Journal or Publication Title:	Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
ISSN:	0094-6176
DOI / ID Number:	https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1222604
Additional Information:	# 2009 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc
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