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Abstract

Many cephalopods continue growing while laying multiple egg batches over the adult life,
with repro-somatic allocation continuing beyond attainment of reproductive maturity. Many
species show extreme individual variation in reproductive investment. Factors driving this
variation in adult Sepioteuthis australis were evaluated by examining allocation of energy
to somatic and reproductive growth as a function of body shape, growth rate, maturation,
and hatching season. Hatching season influence was sex-specific; males hatched in warmer
months had greater reproductive investment, faster growth, and better somatic and reproductive
condition, whereas females hatched in spring and summer had less reproductive
investment. Seasonal impacts on life history resulted in an ‘‘alternation of generations’’,
with slow-growing squid in poor condition and with high levels of reproductive investment
producing a generation with completely different life-history characteristics. This suggests
that abiotic and biotic conditions that change seasonally could play a large role in determining
energy allocated to reproduction. However, this was not driving trade-offs between size
and number of offspring. Life-history trade-offs should be detectable as negative correlations
between relevant traits. However, in Sepioteuthis australis there was little evidence
of trade-offs between reproduction and growth or condition of individuals, suggesting
a ‘‘live for today’’ lifestyle.

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Pecl, GT and Moltschaniwskyj, NA
Keywords:	energy allocation, life-history trade-offs, multiple spawning, phenotypic variation, somatic condition
Journal or Publication Title:	ICES Journal of Marine Science
ISSN:	1054-3139
DOI / ID Number:	10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.04.007
Additional Information:	The definitive publisher-authenticated version http://www.oxfordjournals.org/ Copyright © 2006 Oxford University Press
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